Which body cavity is responsible for housing the lungs and heart?

The thoracic cavity is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to house vital organs, including the lungs and heart. This cavity is situated between the neck and the diaphragm and is encased by the ribcage, which not only protects these organs but also aids in the mechanics of breathing.

Within the thoracic cavity, the lungs occupy most of the space, allowing for the vital exchange of gases to take place. The heart, located in the mediastinum—a central compartment of the thoracic cavity—plays a crucial role in circulating blood throughout the body. Given its importance to respiratory and cardiovascular functions, the thoracic cavity is essential for sustaining life.

The other options refer to different body cavities, which do not contain these organs. The abdomino-pelvic cavity houses organs related to digestion and reproduction, the cranial cavity contains the brain, and the spinal cavity encases the spinal cord. Thus, they do not provide the supportive environment for the lungs and heart that the thoracic cavity does.